Which term refers to the disturbance caused by electromagnetic fields affecting electronic devices?

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EMI refers to the disturbance caused by electromagnetic fields that disrupt or degrade the performance of electronic devices. This interference can come from nearby wireless signals, motors, power lines, or switching equipment and can travel as radiated or conducted energy, leading to noise, data errors, or malfunctions. Dielectric constant is a property of a material describing how it stores energy in an electric field, not about interference. Insertion loss measures signal loss through a component, again not about disturbance from EM fields. EMC, electromagnetic compatibility, describes a system’s ability to operate without causing or being affected by unacceptable EMI, i.e., the goal or capability rather than the disturbance itself. So the disturbance caused by EM fields affecting devices is EMI.